It appears that this is not a single question, but rather a collection of questions and comments from various individuals seeking help with reading and reverse engineering microcontrollers, particularly those with protected firmware.

To address each individual's query:

1. ** PIC18LC242 or PIC18C242**: These microcontrollers have protection mechanisms to prevent unauthorized access. You may need to use specialized tools or techniques to bypass these protections. 2. **Hacking Pic18F25K80**: Microprobing can be used to read the memory of this microcontroller, but it requires expertise and specialized equipment. 3. **Hex code of Atmel AT89S52**: This microcontroller has a protected bootloader that requires authentication before loading code. You may need to use a JTAG or SWD programmer with a compatible ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) cable. 4. **Reading 16F77-I/P with fuse protection**: This microcontroller has a protected fuse that must be reset before programming can begin. You may need to use a JTAG or SWD programmer and follow specific procedures to disable the fuse. 5. **Copying hex file from Pic16F877**: The PIC16F877 has a copy protection mechanism that prevents unauthorized copying of the firmware. You may need to use specialized tools or techniques to bypass this protection. 6. **Service and repair of machines with password-protected diagnostic software**: You may be able to crack the password using various methods, such as brute-force attacks or exploiting vulnerabilities in the software. 7. **Reading information from a PIC microcontroller**: Decapping the chip can provide access to the memory contents, but this requires specialized equipment and expertise.

For general guidance on reading and reverse engineering microcontrollers:

* Use JTAG or SWD programmers with compatible ICSP cables. * Familiarize yourself with the microcontroller's instruction set architecture (ISA) and programming model. * Research specific protection mechanisms used by your target microcontroller, such as bootloaders or encryption. * Consider using specialized tools or software libraries for reverse engineering microcontrollers. * Always follow proper safety procedures when working with electrical components and sensitive electronics.

**Note:** Reverse engineering and debugging of protected firmware should be done with caution, respect for intellectual property rights, and adherence to applicable laws and regulations.